*Bold is mandatory, italicized is recommended

The Prophet (ﷺ) would not omit four rak'ahs before Zuhr and two rak'ahs before Fajr. (Nasai) | | Prohibited to pray | Sunrise to 15 minutes after sunrise | | | | | Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said, “Whoever could get one raka (of the Fajr prayer) before sunrise, he has got the (morning) prayer and whoever could get one raka of the Asr prayer before sunset, he has got the (Asr) prayer.”  {Sahih al-Bukhari 579) | | Ishraq | 20-45 minutes after sun rises (special reward if said after praying fajr in congregation) **** | 2 | | | | The Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever prays Fajr in congregation, then sits remembering Allah until the sun has risen, then he prays two Rak'ah, then for him is the reward like that of a Hajj and Umrah." He said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'Complete, complete, complete.'" (Tirmidi) -NOTE THIS IS A WEAK HADITH | | Prohibited to pray | 15 minutes before Dhuhr adhan | | | | | When the sun leaves no shadow (directly above the earth) | | Dhuhr | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | ‘Whoever prays four rak’ahs before Dhuhr and four after, the fire will not touch him.’ (al-Nasa’i) | | Asr | | 4 | 4 | - | - | The Prophet (S) said: "May Allah have mercy upon a man who prays four before Al-Asr.” | | Prohibited to pray | 15 minutes to sunset Exception for Asr prayer if you couldn’t say it earlier (don’t make it a habit) | | | | | Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said, “Whoever could get one raka (of the Fajr prayer) before sunrise, he has got the (morning) prayer and whoever could get one raka of the Asr prayer before sunset, he has got the (Asr) prayer.”  {Sahih al-Bukhari 579 | | Magrhib | | - | 3 | 2 | 2 | Umm Habiba reported God’s Messenger as saying, “A house will be built in paradise for anyone who prays in a day and a night twelve rak'as, four before and two after the noon prayer, two after the sunset prayer, two after the evening prayer, and two before the dawn prayer.” (Tirmidi) | | Isha | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 or 4 | Aisha (ra) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) never came to me after having prayed Isha except that he performed four rak’ahs or six rak’ahs . (this includes the sunnah mu’akkadah Excluding them it is two or four) (Abu Dawud) | | Tahajuud | Anytime between Isha and Witr but ideally last 1/3 of the night | 2 minimum, up to 8 +in pairs | | | | Humaid bin 'Abdur-Rahman said: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'The best prayer after the obligatory (fard) prayers is prayer at night and the best fasting after the month of Ramadan is Al-Muharram.'" Shu'bah bin Al-Hajjaj narrated it in Mursal form. (Nasai) | | Witr | After Isha, unless praying Tahajuud, then after Tahajuud but before dawn | 3* | | | | "Whoever prays during the night, let him make the last of his prayers at night witr, because the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to enjoin that.” (Nasai)

Considered Wajib (necessary) in the Hanafi madhab

‣ dua at the end

| | Tahiyyatul Masjid | Upon entering the masjid before the prayers | 2 | | | | Abu Qatadah reported the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) as saying; when any one of you enters the mosque, he should pray two RAKAHS before sitting down. (Abu Dawud) | | Tayiyyatul Wudhu | Two Rak’ahs After Wudhu Before The Water Dries | 2 | | | | Uqbah ibn ʿĀmir (rA) narrates that the Prophet ﷺ said, “There is no Muslim who performs ablution and performs it well, then stands and performs two Rakʿah with full concentration, except that paradise becomes necessary for him” (Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, 234).

“Whoever does wudhu like this wudhu of mine and then performs two rak’ahs in which he does not speak to himself, all of his past sins are forgiven.”  (Muslim)

| | Salaat ul Istikhaarah | When needing help with a decision | 2 | | | | ‣Dua | | Salat ul Taubah | When asking for forgiveness | 2 | | | | ‣ | | Salaat ul Hajaat | When in great need | 2 | | | | |

Useful links

Salat workshop

Salah breakdown